LL37 5mg
A research-use antimicrobial peptide entry for immune-barrier literature and safety review.
Contents
Use this guide as a structured review page. The same headings appear for every protocol so clients and the care team can scan the page consistently.
Quickstart Highlights
LL‑37 (human cathelicidin) is a multifunctional host‑defense peptide with broad antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and pro‑healing properties[1][2][3]. Clinical exploration has focused mainly on topical and intralesional use; a phase I melanoma study evaluated intratumoral injections with documented dermatologic changes and immune activation signals[6][7][8]. The subcutaneous framework below is a conservative, once‑daily microgram‑level layout to make syringe math clear; it is educational only and not a clinical dosing recommendation.
- Reconstitute: Add 3.0 mL bacteriostatic water (max vial capacity) → ~1.67 mg/mL concentration.
- Illustrative daily range: 100–250 mcg once daily with gradual titration (keeps volumes ≤0.15 mL per injection; well within typical SC comfort limits)[10]. Open source
- Easy measuring: At 1.67 mg/mL, 1 unit = 0.01 mL ≈ 16.7 mcg on a U‑100 insulin syringe.
- Storage: Lyophilized: freeze at −20 °C (−4 °F); after reconstitution, refrigerate at 2–8 °C (35.6–46.4 °F); avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles[11][12]. Open source
Dosing & Reconstitution Guide
Educational guide for reconstitution and daily dosing
| Week | Daily Dose | Units (per injection) (mL) |
|---|---|---|
| Weeks 1–2 | 100 mcg (0.10 mg) | 6 units (0.06 mL) |
| Weeks 3–4 | 150 mcg (0.15 mg) | 9 units (0.09 mL) |
| Weeks 5–6 | 200 mcg (0.20 mg) | 12 units (0.12 mL) |
| Weeks 7–12 | 250 mcg (0.25 mg) | 15 units (0.15 mL) |
- Route/Frequency: Subcutaneous, once daily. Published human regimens have primarily used topical or intralesional LL‑37; a standardized subcutaneous systemic regimen has not been established[4][5][7].
- Note: For ≤10‑unit (≤0.10 mL) administrations, consider 30‑ or 50‑unit insulin syringes for improved readability. Per‑injection volumes ≤0.15 mL are well below typical SC limits[10].
Reconstitution Steps
Reference-derived details for LL37 5mg.
- Draw 3.0 mL bacteriostatic water with a sterile syringe.
- Inject slowly down the vial wall; avoid foaming.
- Gently swirl/roll until dissolved (do not shake).
- Label and refrigerate at 2–8 °C (35.6–46.4 °F), protected from light. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles.[11][12] Open source
Supplies Needed
Plan based on an 8–16 week once‑daily framework with gradual titration.
- Peptide Vials (LL‑37, 5 mg each):
- Peptide Vials (LL‑37, 5 mg each):: 8 weeks ≈ 2 vials
- Peptide Vials (LL‑37, 5 mg each):: 12 weeks ≈ 4 vials
- Peptide Vials (LL‑37, 5 mg each):: 16 weeks ≈ 5 vials
- Insulin Syringes (U‑100):
- Insulin Syringes (U‑100):: Per week: 7 syringes (1/day)
- Insulin Syringes (U‑100):: 8 weeks: 56 syringes
- Insulin Syringes (U‑100):: 12 weeks: 84 syringes
- Insulin Syringes (U‑100):: 16 weeks: 112 syringes
- Bacteriostatic Water (10 mL bottles): Use ~3.0 mL per vial for reconstitution.
- Bacteriostatic Water (10 mL bottles): Use ~3.0 mL per vial for reconstitution.: 8 weeks (2 vials): 6 mL → 1 × 10 mL bottle
- Bacteriostatic Water (10 mL bottles): Use ~3.0 mL per vial for reconstitution.: 12 weeks (4 vials): 12 mL → 2 × 10 mL bottles
- Bacteriostatic Water (10 mL bottles): Use ~3.0 mL per vial for reconstitution.: 16 weeks (5 vials): 15 mL → 2 × 10 mL bottles
- Alcohol Swabs: One for the vial stopper + one for the injection site each day.
- Alcohol Swabs: One for the vial stopper + one for the injection site each day.: Per week: 14 swabs (2/day)
- Alcohol Swabs: One for the vial stopper + one for the injection site each day.: 8 weeks: 112 swabs → recommend 2 × 100‑count boxes
- Alcohol Swabs: One for the vial stopper + one for the injection site each day.: 12 weeks: 168 swabs → recommend 2 × 100‑count boxes
- Alcohol Swabs: One for the vial stopper + one for the injection site each day.: 16 weeks: 224 swabs → recommend 3 × 100‑count boxes
Protocol Overview
Concise summary of the once‑daily framework.
- Goal: Illustrate microgram‑level SC measurement for a host‑defense peptide with documented antimicrobial, angiogenic, and wound‑healing biology[1][2]. Open source
- Schedule: Daily subcutaneous administration for 8–12 weeks (optional extension to 16 weeks); clinical LL‑37 studies to date are mainly topical or intralesional[4][5][7]. Open source
- Dose Range (illustrative): 100–250 mcg once daily with gradual titration.
- Reconstitution: 3.0 mL per 5 mg vial (~1.67 mg/mL) for clear unit conversions.
- Storage: Lyophilized frozen; reconstituted refrigerated; avoid freeze–thaw cycles[11][12]. Open source
Dosing Protocol
Suggested conservative titration for measurement clarity.
- Start: 100–150 mcg daily; increase by ~50 mcg every 1–2 weeks as tolerated.
- Target: 200–250 mcg daily by Weeks 5–8.
- Frequency: Once per day (subcutaneous).
- Cycle Length: 8–12 weeks; optional extension to 16 weeks.
- Timing: Choose a consistent time; rotate injection sites.
Storage Instructions
Proper storage preserves peptide quality.
- Lyophilized: Store at −20 °C (−4 °F) in dry, dark conditions.
- Reconstituted: Refrigerate at 2–8 °C (35.6–46.4 °F); aliquot if needed and avoid repeated freeze–thaw[11][12]. Open source
- Allow vials to equilibrate to room temperature before opening to minimize condensation uptake and foaming during reconstitution[11]. Open source
Important Notes
Practical considerations and safety context.
- Use a new sterile insulin syringe for each administration; dispose in a proper sharps container.
- Rotate injection sites (abdomen, thighs, upper arms) to limit local irritation and lipohypertrophy[13]. Open source
- Inject slowly; wait a few seconds before withdrawing the needle to ensure full dose delivery.
- LL‑37 biology is context‑dependent; both pro‑healing and pro‑angiogenic or tumor‑promoting signals have been reported in specific models—interpret cautiously[8][15]. Open source
How This Works
LL‑37 links innate immunity and tissue repair. It exhibits direct antimicrobial effects (membrane disruption), immunomodulation (e.g., pDC and DC signaling), and pro‑angiogenic activity relevant to wound healing[1][2][3]. Human studies support topical LL‑37 in chronic wounds, while melanoma work has explored intratumoral injections with cutaneous reactions documented[4][5][6][7]. LL‑37–nucleic acid complexes can be immunostimulatory; prolonged or high local exposure has been associated with inflammatory dermatoses in experimental settings—underscoring cautious interpretation[14].
Potential Benefits & Side Effects
Highlights from preclinical and clinical literature.
- Antimicrobial, anti‑biofilm, immunomodulatory, and angiogenic/tissue‑repair activities are reported across models[1][2][9]. Open source
- Clinical wound literature indicates improved healing rates with topical LL‑37 formulations in venous and diabetic ulcers[4][5]. Open source
- Potential risks include local injection‑site reactions and, context‑dependently, pro‑angiogenic or tumor‑promoting signals in certain tumor models; long‑term/high exposure has been linked to inflammatory skin changes in experimental studies[8][15][14]. Open source
Injection Technique
General subcutaneous guidance from reputable sources[10][12][13].
- Clean the vial stopper and skin with alcohol; allow to dry.
- Pinch a skinfold; insert the needle at 45–90° into subcutaneous tissue; do not aspirate[12]. Open source
- Inject slowly and steadily; rotate sites systematically (abdomen, thighs, upper arms)[10][13]. Open source
Recommended Source
We recommend Prime Lab Peptides for high‑purity LL‑37 (5 mg).
- High‑purity, third‑party‑tested lots with batch COAs.
- Consistent, ISO‑aligned handling and documentation.
- Reliable fulfillment to maintain cold‑chain integrity.
Important Note
This page is informational and does not authorize use. Peptify clients should complete assessment, disclose medications and health history, and follow the clinician-approved plan only.
- Do not start, stop, combine, or change a protocol based only on website content.
- Emergency symptoms require urgent medical care, not a website or routine follow-up message.
References
Reference-derived details for LL37 5mg.
- LL-37 (5 mg Vial) Open source
- Ridyard KE, Overhage J. Int J Mol Sci (2021) — The potential of human peptide LL‑37 as an antimicrobial and immunomodulatory agent (review). View Source Open source
- Koczulla R, et al. J Clin Invest (2003) — An angiogenic role for the human peptide antibiotic LL‑37/hCAP‑18 (host defense & wound neovascularization). View Source Open source
- Kahlenberg JM, Kaplan MJ. Nat Rev Rheumatol (2013) — Little peptide, big effects: LL‑37 in inflammation and autoimmunity (review). View Source Open source
- Grönberg A, et al. Wound Repair Regen (2014) — RCT: Topical LL‑37 enhanced healing of hard‑to‑heal venous leg ulcers. View Source Open source
- Miranda E, et al. Arch Dermatol Res (2023) — LL‑37 cream improved healing in diabetic foot ulcers (clinical study). View Source Open source
- Dolkar T, et al. J Cutan Pathol (2018) — Dermatologic findings during phase I intratumoral LL‑37 injections in melanoma. View Source Open source
- ClinicalTrials.gov — NCT02225366: Intratumoral injections of LL‑37 for melanoma (phase I schedule details). View Source Open source
- Lu F, et al. Front Pharmacol (2022) — Repurposing LL‑37 for cancer: dual pro/anti‑tumor context and delivery strategies (review). View Source Open source
- Xhindoli D, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta (2016) — Mechanistic overview: LL‑37 as a pore‑forming antimicrobial peptide. View Source Open source
- Usach I, et al. Adv Ther (2019) — Subcutaneous injection of drugs: factors and practical considerations (review). View Source Open source
- Wang W. J Pharm Sci (1999) — Instability, stabilization, and formulation of liquid protein pharmaceuticals (freeze–thaw considerations). View Source Open source
- Shi M, et al. Acta Pharm Sin B (2023) — Strategies to overcome protein/peptide instability; avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles (review). View Source Open source
- CDC — Vaccine administration (SC route: site, angle, and technique) & You Call the Shots: Subcutaneous Injection. View Source View Source Open source
- Herster F, et al. Nat Commun (2020) — NET‑associated RNA and LL‑37 drive inflammatory responses (mechanistic caution). View Source Open source
- Ohuchi K, et al. Cancers (2023) — LL‑37 may promote local invasion of melanoma via pro‑angiogenic factors (context‑dependent risk). View Source Open source
- Prime Lab Peptides — LL‑37 (5 mg) product page (supplier information). View Source